Materials Science is a field that deals with the discovery and development of new materials and methods for their study. It is a multidisciplinary science involving different fields of knowledge such as physics, chemistry, and engineering. Materials Science focuses on studying the most important characteristics of materials such as their mechanical, chemical, electrical, thermal, optical and magnetic properties. The field can be sub-divided into different disciplines including nanomaterials, organic materials, electronic/photonic materials, structural/composite materials and smart materials.